Contribution of Dietary Methionine to Gut Health and Related Diseases: Implications for Precision Nutrition

Gut health is closely related to energy homeostasis, stress resistance, inflammation, and longevity. Methionine (Met) intake significantly affects gut health, with both supplementation and restriction showing different effects. Moderate methionine supplementation is beneficial, but excessive intake can be harmful, while methionine restriction seems to improve overall body health, especially gut health.

Methionine intake may affect the risk of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairment, thereby affecting lifespan, possibly through gut health. In addition, the study proposes strategies for achieving precision nutrition of methionine, including dietary adjustments, producing methionine-specific foods, bioengineering plant strains, and supplementing methionine enzymes. These insights aim to deepen understanding of Met's effects on gut health and guide interventions to improve health outcomes.